Centrifugal pump fob compression and vacuum



E. C. DYARIVIETT.

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP FOR COMPRESSION AND VACUUM.

APPLICATION FII.ED JAN.29| ISIS.

1! x 1 I L 31,116, huntedJuI 10,131.).

3 SHEETSSHEET I I II I" 3 E. c. DYARMETT. CENTRIFUGAL PUMP FOR COMPRESSION AND VACUUM.

0 APPLICATION FILED JAN-29.1916. 1,310,1 1, 6. A Patented July 15, 1919.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

E. C. DYARMETT.

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP FOR COMPRESSION AND VACUUM.

APPLICATION FlLED JAN.29.19I6.

1,310,]. 16. Y Patented July 15, 19M).

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

6H0: not

EDWARD G. DYARMETT, F MUSKOGEE, OKLAHOMA.

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP FOR COMPRESSION AND VACUUM.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it knownthat I, EDWARD C. DYAR- MEI'I, a citizen of the United States, residin at Muskogee, in the county of Muskogee an State of Oklahoma, have invented new and useful Improvements in Centrifugal Pumps for Compression and Vacuum, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to centrifugal pumps, and has as its object to provide a device wherein a liquid medium, such as mercury, is impelled by'centrifugal' force to compress a fluid medium of less density, such as air, or to exhaust a space-of the fluid medium which it contains.

Other objects of my invention are to provide a device wherein a gas, or the like, may be quickly, highly and economically compressed; to provide a device wherein afluid having a relatively low specific gravity is compressed by a liquid of greater density (herein termed the active liquid), the active liquid being intermittently forced through openings or passages in a revolving member and acting as liquid pistons therein to force the air or other fluid to be compressed from said passages and compress the same in a suitable chamber; to provide means for regulating the amount of active liquid admltted to the pass-ages in the revolving member; to'provide a device wherein the pressure of the compressed fluid may be easily and readily varied; to provide a device which isPOSltlVB and eflicient in action,

economical to operate, which may be constructed at relatively low cost, and where n leakage is prevented.

The above and other objects of my invention are obtained by the structure described in the following specification and shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein-- Figure l is a vertical section showing one embodiment of my improved device.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the device shown in Fig. 1, one-half thereof being shown in elevation, and the other half in section.

Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of an impeller wheel mounted on a horizontal axis;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line 44, Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view showing another embodiment of my im'- proved centrifugal pump or compressor.

Referring to the drawings, wherein like numerals represent like parts in the several Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 15, 1219.

Application filed January 29, 1916. Serial No. 74,982.

views, 10 designates a body portion of any suitable construction, but which is preferably formed of two somewhat similar castngs 11 and 12 secured together by any suitable means such as by bolts, and resting on or supported by legs or feet 13. The castlugs 11 and 12 when secured together provide a chamber 14 for the impeller wheel to be described. The chamber 14 terminates in an annular compression chamber 15 in which the a1r or other fluid operated upon 1s comcompression of the fluid, so that the temperature of the fluid remains substantially constant, and a larger volume of fluid may be compressed at a given temperature, than if the water jacket were omitted. Immediately below the compression chamber 15 is an anniilar space 18 having communication with I the chamber 15, by means of spaced-apart vertical ports 19 and adapted to receive through these ports the active liquid which passes into the compression chamber from the impeller wheel.

Mounted upon the body portion 10 is a cylindrical-like casing 20 having a fluid inlet or passage 21 and at one slde a storage receptacle 22 adapted to receive the active liquid from the annular space 18 by means of a ipe 23, which pipe is provided with a suita le valve 23'. In the lower portion of 4 the casing 20 is an annular distributing passage 24 communicating with the receptacle 22 by means of a port 25. The annular passage 24 is provided with one or more discharge openings or nozzles 26, prefererably four, spaced apart at an angle of ninety degrees. The nozzles 26 are provided with needle valves 27 which are received in screwthreaded openings through the casing 20. By turning the valves, longitudinal movement is imparted to the same, and the flow of active liquid from the distributing passage 24 ,to the nozzle or nozzles is regulated as will be readily understood. I preferably use four nozzles 26 placed at ninety degrees apart, but it is to be understood that any suitable number of nozzles may be used, and that any suitable means for regulating the flow through the nozzles may be adopted.

Passing through a suitable bearing 28 in the' upper portion of the casing 20 is a vertically disposed drive-shaft 29, the lower 33, which preferably is disposed in a horizontal plane. The wheel is provided upon its upper face and adjacent the hub 34 with an annular groove or recess 35 and opening intov and radiating. from the recess is a plurality of through openings or passages 36 which extend to the outer periphery of the wheel and discharge into the compression chamber 15. The passages36 may be straight or curved, and, if desired, they may extend at an angle to the radii of the wheel as shown in Fig. 2. The annular groove 35 is positioned beneath the outlet ends of the discharge nozzles 26 leading from the -distributing passage 24. Extending from the opposite faces of the wheel adjacent the outer periphery thereof are annular flanges 37 which engage in rabbetcd recesses 38 in the body 10, so that an air-tight joint is substantially obtained between the body portion 10 and the impeller wheel 33. The inner peripheries of the annular flanges 37 are screw-threaded to receive annular rings 39, the outer surfaces of the rings being.

beveled as at 40, to correspond to the beveled faces 41 on the casting 12. By adjusting the rings 39 relative to the wheel 33, frictional engagement between the faces 40 and 451 may be varied so that a fluidtight joint is insured, which prevents the escape of the compressed fluid from the compression chamber 15 to the chamber 14.

It is believed that the operation of my device will be readily understood from the above description; the drive shaft 29 is driven by any suitable means and the impeller wheel 33 revolved therewith. The needle valves 27 are regulated to permit the active liquid, such as mercury, to flow from the distributing passage 24 through the discharge nozzles 26 into the annular groove 35. into small plugs (ll globules, which act as pistons within the passages 36 in the wheel 33, and due to centrifugal force, they are propelled outwardly toward the periphery of the wheel, and the gas or fluid to be compressed is forced from these passages into the compression chamber 15 from whence it passes outwardly through the outlet 16. The active liquid during the op- 'tofore described. 'The passages 36" The active liquid is split up 4 eration of my device passes from the receptacle 22 through the port 25, distributing passage 24, nozzles 26, and through passages 36 in the wheel into thecompression chamber 15, thence by means of ports 19 to the, annular space 18. The pressure within the chamber 15 acts upon the surface of the active liquid, sothat the same is forced through the pipe 23, valve 23, and back to the storage receptacle 22.- Thus the active liquid passes in a circuitous route and may be used any number of times, the operation of the wheel itself being sufficient to force the active liquid back to the storage receptacle.

It will be noted that the activeliquid passes directly into the passages 36 and is forced outwardly therein by centrifugal force. The annular groove 35 is not flooded by or submerged in the active liquid, but a suflicient amount of active liquid only is admitted to the groove to form liquid pistons at predetermined intervals within the passages 36. The passages are alternately filled with a definite amount of active liquid, and. a definite amount of the fluid acted upon, and preferably when one piston of active liquid is just leaving one of the passages a second piston of liquid is just enter ing the same, so that the fluid within the chamber 15 cannot escape back through the passages 36.

In Figs. 3 and 4:, I have disclosed an impeller wheel which is mountedupon a horizontal axis instead of a vertical axis as is shown in the preceding figures. The impeller wheel 33 is mounted upon a horizontal axis or shaft 29, and, of course, is inclosed in a casing 10 similar to that hereradiate from the annular groove 35', which groove is slightly undercut to prevent the active liquit from flowing over the face of the wheel. 'While I have disclosed but one nozzle, it is of course, to be understood that any number of nozzles may be provided in this embodiment of my invention.

In Fig. 5, I have disclosed a further embodiment of my invention wherein the active liquid is returned from the annular compression chamberto the inner ends of the radiating passages by gravity. In this 'igure, 29" designates a vertical shaft to which is secured the impeller wheel 33 having upwardly and outwardly inclined radiating passages 36. The compression chamber 15 is inclined upwardly and is somewhat elongated, and is curved downwardly at its upper or outer portion to provide an annular well -12. A pipe 43 passes through the casing 10" and is connected at one end to the annular well, its inner end serving as a rozzle which is positioned immediately above the groove 35". \Vhen the impeller wheel is revolved, the active liquid passes through the passages 36' and due to centrifugal; force, after leaving the passages flies through the compression chamber and collects in the well 42 from which it is conducted by means of the pipe 43, and due is particularly adapted to compress air, it

ma also be used to compress any other fluid, whether the same be in gaseous or liquid form.

By varying the speed of the impeller Wheel, arid regulating the valves in accordance with'the speed or velocity of the wheel, the pressure of the compressed fluid obtained in the compression chamber may be varied, a high speed of the wheel obtaining a high pressure.

While I have described and shown my device as a compressor and to be used in compressing liquids or gases, it is to be understood that my device is also adapted to be used as a vacuum pump. It will be readily seenthat the passage or Space 21 Within the cylindrical casing 20 would be exhausted of .air or fluid if the inlet thereto were closed.

A vessel, or the like, may be connected to the inlet of the casing 20, and the fluid content drawn therefrom upon the operation of the pump. a

It is to be understood that my invention is susceptible of various modifications and changes which would be within the spirit of the invention without departing from the scope of the following claims.

What I claim is 1. In'eombination, a rotary member hav- -ing radiating passages, a hub integral with the rotary member and forming a thrust bearing seat for the rotary member, a compression chamber into which the'passagcs discharge, an annular groove in the rotary member about its axis of rotation from which the pamages radiate, a reservoir for storing the active liquid above said rotary member, nozzles for discharging the active liquid from the reservoir into the annular groove, means for regulating the flow of said liquid through the nozzles, and means for admitting the fluid to be acted upon to said groove, the active liquid upon rotation of the rotary member being impelled by centrifugal force into the passages and forming liquid pistons therein to force the fluid acted upon therefrom and into the compression chamber.

2. In combination, a rotary member having radiating passages, a hub integral with the rotary member and forming a thrust bearing seat for the rotary member, a compression chamber into which the radiating passages discharge, an annular groove in the rotary member about its axis of rotation from which the passages radiate, means for directing a predetermined quantity of active liquid to said groove, and means for admitthe active liquid upon rotation of the rotary member being impelled by centrifugal force into the passages and forming liquid pistons therein to force the fluid acted upon therefrom and into the compression chamber.

. 3. In combination, a body portion having a' main chamber and a compression chamber about the main chamber, a rotary member within the main chamber having passages which discharge into the compression chamber, means for admitting a. stream of active liquid to the passages, and removable sealing rings adjacent the outer edges of the rotary member I and attached thereto for preventing communication from thecompression chamber to the main chamber.

4. In combination, a rotating wheel having radiating passages therein, a body portion having a main chamber to receive the wheel, and an annular chamber into which the passages discharge, means for admitting predetermined amounts of an active fluid to the inner ends of the passages, rings adj ustably connected to said wheel and adapted to frictional-1y engage the walls of said body portion to prevent escape of the fluid from the annular chamber and the main chamber.

5. In combination, a rotary wheel having radiating passages therein, a body porting fluid to be acted upon to said groove,

tion having a iuain chamber to receive the wheel and a compression chamber into which the passages discharge, means for admitting an active liquid to the inner ends of the passages, annular flanges on said wheel adjacent the periphery thereof, rings screwthreaded on said flalnges and adjustable relative thereto, said rings being adapted to frictionally engage the walls of the body portion to prevent escape of the fluid from the compression chamber to the main chamher.

6. In combination, a rotary member having radiating passages therein, a compression chamber into which said passages discharge, means for admitting a predetermined amount of an active liquid to the inner end of each of the radiating passages, an annular collection chamber for the active liquid below the compression chamber and connected thereto by a plurality of ports, and ports for admitting the fluid acted upon to the inner ends of said passages, the aptive a removable sealing rings attached to the romember and f-rictionally engaglng the tar wails of the/main chamber forpreventing communication from the compression chamber to the main chamber.

8. In combination, a stationary casing, a main chamber therein, a compression chamher in the casing communicating with said main chamber, a reservoir in the casing 10- cated above and connnunicating with the mam chamber, a rotary member in said main chamber having radiating passages opening directly into the compression chamber,

and means on said rotary me-mlber frictionally engaging the walls ofthe said main chamber for making an air tight joint therewith.

9. In a device of the class described, a

casing, a reservoir in said casing, a main chamber in said casing below sa1d reservoir,

a compression chamber in said casing, a .col-

lection chamber in said casin communicating with said compression 0 amber, a rotary member in said main chamber having radiating passages leading directly to the compression chamber said rotary member making an air tight joint with the interipr of said main chamber, and a conduit between said collection chamber and said reservoir. -10. A device as specified in claim 9 having a water jacket in the casing surrounding the compression chamber. i 11. In combination a casing, a main chamber in the casing, a reservoir in the casing above said main chamber and communicating therewith, means for regulating the fiow of fluid between the said reservoir and said main chamber, a rotary member in said main chamber having radiating passages and making an air tight joint with the peripheral wall of the main chamber, a compres sion chamber in said casing into which said passages open, a collection chamber in the casin communicating with said compression cham' er and located below said compression chamber and a conduit between said collection chamber and said reservoir.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDWARD C. DYARMETT.

Witnesses:

H. C. PIKE, C. THOMPSON. 

